Reference Reviews

Lawrence Looks at Books

Musicians and Composers of the 20th Century, edited by Alfred W. Cramer. 5 vols. 1,904p. Pasadena, CA: Salem Press, 2009. 978-1-58765-512-8; 2009-2980. $399.

This biographical dictionary introduces students to the work of 614 prominent musicians and composers of the last century. From Bix Beiderbecke to Beck, the scope includes all styles of music, but with the heavy emphasis on British and American artists there is a preponderance of classical, jazz, rock and country musicians. However, any form of popular music, from opera and musical theater to blues and hip–hop, finds some representative among the 513 men and 101 women presented. Two thirds of the entries are from the United States, but the international coverage extends to more than 50 countries. Composers and singer–writers make up more than half the entries. These overlap with the vocalists and guitarists who comprise the biggest groups by instrument. Pianists, violinists, saxophonists, clarinetists and even harpsichordists are also among the many soloists profiled. The biographical entries are arranged alphabetically from Will Ackerman and Roy Acuff to Frank Zappa and Hans Zimmer. The three to five page essays describe the musician’s training, music, and individual legacy. Basic biographical information, a portrait, and lists of principal works and recordings are also provided. Discussions of an individual’s music include favorite styles, themes, and instruments as well as successful recordings. Recordings are likewise discussed with regards to the artist’s legacy, but major awards, influences, productions, and followers are also mentioned. Supplemental features include thematically divided bibliographies, a directory of online resources and a substantial glossary. Lists of musicians by period, place and category allow the student to identify related artists. The general indexes permit access by titles, groups and personal names. While the coverage of international artists is very selective, this set provides students with the opportunity to learn more about a wide range of music. This guide is recommended for school and public libraries.